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A23.4-09
©
Canadian Standards Association
November 2009
1.4 Precedence
Where this Standard states that the content of a clause is required to conform to a referenced Standard
and to additional clauses of this Standard and there is a conflict between the referenced Standard and the
requirements of this Standard, the requirements of this Standard take precedence.
1.5 Terminology
In CSA Standards, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to
satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which
is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the
limits of the standard. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative
requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or
informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be
written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory)
to define their application.
2 Reference publications
This Standard refers to the following publications, and where such reference is made, it shall be to the
edition listed below, including all amendments published thereto.
CSA (Canadian Standards Association)
A23.1-09/A23.2-09
Concrete materials and methods of concrete construction/Test methods and standard practices for concrete
CAN/CSA-A23.3-04
Design of concrete structures
CAN/CSA-S6-06
Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code
CAN/CSA-S269.3-M92 (R2008)
Concrete formwork
S413-07
Parking structures
W47.1-03 (R2008)
Certification of companies for fusion welding of steel
W186-M1990 (R2007)
Welding of reinforcing bars in reinforced concrete construction
ACI (American Concrete Institute)
309R-05
Guide for Consolidation of Concrete
ASTM International (American Society for Testing and Materials)
A416/A416M-06
Standard Specification for Steel Strand, Uncoated Seven-Wire for Prestressed Concrete
A780/A780M-09
Standard Practice for Repair of Damaged and Uncoated Areas of Hot-Dip Galvanized Coatings
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